Retrospective Analysis of Dyslipidemia In Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With Hypertension In Lahore, Pakistan
Dyslipidemia In Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Patients
Keywords:
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, Hypertension, Dyslipidemia, Cardiovascular diseases, HbA1CAbstract
Background: Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) is a common health problem in the world. According to the Global Diabetes League report, the number of individuals affected by diabetes was 416 million in 2015, projected to increase to 650 million by 2045. Hypertension is a major cause of heart disease and mortality, often accompanied by risk factors such as dyslipidemia, contributing to atherosclerosis in hypertensive individuals.
Objectives: The objective of this work was to examine the pattern of lipid profiles and associated risk factors in local patients with both T2DM and hypertension.
Methodology: A comparative and analytical study was conducted on a sample of 230 males and females aged between 30 and 65 years, diagnosed with T2DM and hypertension. The work was done in the biochemistry section of Lahore University of Biological & Applied Sciences (UBAS), from October 2022 to April 2023. Participants meeting the inclusion criteria were selected, and their blood samples and medical histories were obtained with their informed consent. Blood samples were analyzed, and data analysis was performed using SPSS 22.
Results: The study findings showed that Type 2 diabetes mellitus was more prevalent in males (54%) compared to females (46%), with an average age of 49.64 years. The mean HbA1c level was 8.06, while the average cholesterol level (in mg/dL) was approximately 209.91, and the average triglyceride (TG) level (in mg/dL) was around 213.89 in diabetic patient’s p-value < 0.0001.
Conclusion: Diabetic dyslipidemia significantly contributes to morbidity. The duration of diabetes is concerned with a higher frequency of dyslipidemia, believed to be a significant risk factor for heart disease. In this study, elevated levels of total serum cholesterol, LDL-C, and low levels of HDL-C were observed. We recommend regular lipid profile examinations for patients and emphasize the importance of effective management of glucose and lipid levels in case of abnormalities
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