Diabetes mellitus type 2: Prevalence and estimation of associated risk factors in district Okara, Pakistan.
Keywords:
Prevalence, Diabetes type 2, HbA1c, Okara, PakistanAbstract
Background: Diabetes type 2 is a metabolic disorder and distributed worldwide. Despite of frequent prevalence and survey-based studies in the Punjab province, a little is known about the status and prevalence of disorder in Okara district.
Objective: To find the prevalence associated risk factors of Diabetes Mellitus type 2 in district Okara, Pakistan
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study and study participants were enrolled in Feb 2023. HbA1c test was used to determine the prevalence and a questionnaire was filled to collect the data of associated risk factors of types 2 diabetes. The sample size of the study was 138. Bivariate analysis was performed by using Chi-square square test at p value < 0.05.
Results: An overall frequency of diabetic (65.9 %), non-diabetic (11.6%) and prediabetes (22.5 %) were found from total 138 study participants. An overall prevalence was higher in female (69.2 %, p 0.442) than male (63.02 %, p 1.00). The age group 41 to 50 (76.6%, p 0.016) was found highly susceptible and significantly associated with disorders followed by the age groups 31-40 (68.9%, p 0.014), < 30 (68.7%, p 0.008), 51-60 (59.3%, p 0.070),61-70 (54.5%, p 0.212), >70 (25%, p 1.000). Family history (83.3%, OR 2.93), Weight ranges 65-70 (40%, OR 0.07),71-75 (33.3%, OR 0.09), 76-80 (70%, OR 0.31), 81-85 (59.3%, OR 0.23) and HCV (78.9%, OR 2.21) were also significantly associated with type 2 DM.
Conclusion: This study concludes the high rate of Diabetes type-II among the population of Oakra with awareness programs to control the burden of disorder in the district.