Endoscopic Findings in Patients with Upper Gastrointestinal Bleeding at Pakistan Railway General Hospital, Rawalpindi. A Retrospective Review of 100 Cases

Abstract

Objective: To determine the frequency of various causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding on the basis of endoscopic findings.
Study Design: A descriptive observational study.
Place and Duration of Study: Study was done from 1 , January, 2015 to 31st December, 2017 at Pakistan Railway General Hospital Rawalpindi.
Material and Methods: The study was carried out in the Department of Medicine at Railway Hospital. The record of patients admitted with upper GI bleed through indoor/outdoor was retrieved from the Endoscopy Unit. 100 Patients fulfilling inclusion criteria were selected in the study. The relevant data and endoscopic findings were documented on Performa. The data was analyzed retrospectively.
Results: Out of 100 patients selected, 58(58%) were males and 42(42%) females. The mean age of 52.20 years ± SD 15.88.The most common cause was esophageal varices (47.90%), followed by gastritis/esophagitis 23%, peptic ulcer 14.58%. The malignant condition contributed 1.58 %. While in 9(9%) of patients, no cause of bleeding was identified.
Conclusion: Variceal hemorrhage is the most frequent cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in our population.