Conceptualizing a Competence Model: An Islamic Perspective

Abstract

Purpose: This article proposes a novel conceptual model of human competence anchored in Islamic work contexts. It aims to reconceptualize competence by integrating Qur'anic spiritual and ethical constructs, thereby extending conventional competence frameworks.Design/Methodology/Approach: The study adopts a conceptual

and interpretive approach based on an in-depth analysis of primary Islamic sources namely the Qur'an and the Sunna supported by classical Islamic scholarship and contemporary academic literature in Islamic management and human resource management. Findings: The article develops an integrated Islamic competence model composed of six interrelated constructs: khilafa (vicegerency), ilm (beneficial knowledge and skills), amana (trusteeship and responsibility), ihsan (excellence), ibada (worship), and falah (ultimate success). The findings demonstrate that competence, within the Islamic worldview, extends beyond technical and behavioral proficiency to include inner spiritual dispositions and ethical accountability, oriented toward both effective performance in worldly life and success in the hereafter.

Originality/Value:

This study offers an original contribution by reconceptualizing human competence through an explicitly Islamic spiritual-ethical lens, addressing a notable gap in Islamic human resource management literature.

Implications:

The proposed model provides a conceptual foundation for future empirical research on competence development, performance, and ethical behavior in Islamic organizational settings. The model offers practical guidance for designing HRM practices such as recruitment, training, performance evaluation, and leadership development that align organizational effectiveness with Islamic ethical and spiritual values.